Suggestopedia

Suggestopedia had students sitting in comfy chairs, and listening to classical music while they presented vocabulary. The students were supposed to become suggestible, and learn more. It failed because not every classroom had chairs and CD players at the ready.

The Classical Method

This method was used in the 17th century. Because it was ment for Greek and Latin languages, which are not spoken, it almost only involves translating language from and to a foreign language. It is still used in the Netherlands at the highest levels of high school education, but only for Latin and Greek.

The Audiolingual Method

This was also known as the army method. It is mostly built from repeating things said aloud. There is barely any grammatical explanation, and the focus is on pronunciation. If you got something right or wrong, you would immediately be punished or rewarded.

The Direct Method

This method was created in the last twenty years of the 19th century. There should be a lot of talking, barely any translation, and only everyday words were taught. A lot of words were taught by showing pictures or objects. 

All of these are from https://www.englishclub.com/tefl-articles/history-english-language-teaching.htm